Synonyms: Parmelia caroliniana, Parmelia isidiophora, Parmelia wainioana, Pseudoparmelia caroliniana.
Common name: Carolina Shield Lichen.
Canoparmelia caroliniana is a foliose lichen species characterized by its grayish-green to brown thallus with rounded lobes, typically 2-5 mm wide. It has a moderate to large size, often forming dense mats or rosettes. In East and Central Texas, this lichen is commonly found on trees, particularly oak and elm, as well as on rocky outcrops and soil. It thrives in shaded to partially shaded areas with moderate to high humidity, and is often associated with other foliose and crustose lichens. The species is relatively widespread in the region, occurring in a variety of habitats, including woodland edges, riparian zones, and granite outcrops.
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a standing pine on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, January 26, 2019
Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a standing pine in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, February 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Shepherd, TX 77371, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a pine in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, February 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Shepherd, TX 77371, USA
Lichen Canoparmelia caroliniana(?) on a tree in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, February 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Coldspring, TX 77331, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a deciduous tree in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, February 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Coldspring, TX 77331, USA
Canoparmelia caroliniana(?) lichen on a tree in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, February 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Coldspring, TX 77331, USA
Shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a deciduous tree in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, February 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Coldspring, TX 77331, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a pine on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, February 9, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Shield lichen Canoparmelia caroliniana on a tree on Alligator Branch section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, February 17, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Huntsville, TX 77340, USA
Shield lichen Canoparmelia caroliniana on tree bark on Alligator Branch section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, February 17, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Huntsville, TX 77340, USA
Shield lichen Canoparmelia caroliniana on a deciduous tree on Alligator Branch section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, February 17, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Huntsville, TX 77340, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a tree on Alligator Branch section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, February 17, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Huntsville, TX 77340, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a deciduous tree on Alligator Branch section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, February 17, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Huntsville, TX 77340, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on tree bark on Alligator Branch section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, February 17, 2019
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on Alligator Branch section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, February 17, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Huntsville, TX 77340, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, March 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a tree on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, March 1, 2019Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana)(?) on a tree on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, March 2, 2019Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Carolina shield lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana)(?) on a pine on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville. Texas, March 2, 2019
Carolina Shield Lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a pine on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 24, 2021Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Carolina Shield Lichen (Canoparmelia caroliniana) on a fallen tree on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 24, 2021Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USAObservations of Canoparmelia caroliniana in East and Central Texas reveal that the species is commonly found on trees in the Sam Houston National Forest. It grows on various tree species, including pines and deciduous trees, and can be found on standing trees, fallen trees, and tree bark. The lichen is widely distributed throughout the forest, with sightings recorded in different areas, such as Big Creek Scenic Area, Lone Star Hiking Trail, and Caney Creek section. The observations were made over a period of two years, from January 2019 to April 2021, suggesting that the species is present year-round. The lichen's presence was noted on multiple occasions in different locations, including near Huntsville, Shepherd, and Richards, Texas, indicating its widespread distribution in East and Central Texas.
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