Synonyms: Agaricus dryophilus, Agaricus lupuletorum, Collybia aquosa, Collybia dryophila, Collybia lupuletorum, Marasmius dryophilus, Marasmius lupuletorum, Omphalia dryophila.
Common names: russet toughshank, Oak-loving Collybia, Oak-loving Gymnopus.
Extract from Wikipedia article: Gymnopus dryophilus is a mushroom commonly found in temperate woodlands of Europe and North America. It is generally saprophytic, but occasionally also attacks living wood. It belongs to section Levipedes of the genus, being characterized by a smooth stem having no hairs at the base (in contrast to section Vestipedes). Until recently it was most frequently known as Collybia dryophila.
Chinese: 櫟生金錢菇, Finnish: Kalpeajuurekas, German: Gemeiner Waldfreund-Rübling, Lithuanian: Paprastoji plempė, Polish: Łysostopek pospolity, Romanian: Stejăriță, Russian: Коллибия лесолюбивая, Swedish: Blek nagelskivling, Ukrainian: Гімнопус лісолюбивий.
Gymnopus dryophilus is a small to medium-sized fungus with a brown to tan cap and white to light brown gills. It grows on the ground in wooded areas, often in association with oak trees. In East and Central Texas, it typically fruits from spring to fall, particularly after rainfall. The cap is 1-4 cm in diameter, convex to flat, and often has a slight umbo. The stem is slender, 1-3 cm long, and the same color as the cap. It is a common species in the region, found in a variety of woodland habitats, including deciduous and mixed forests.
Russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) on Winters Bayou Trail in Sam Houston National Forest. Cleveland, Texas, October 27, 2019
Lone Star Hiking Trail, Cleveland, TX 77328, USA
Caps of russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) on Winters Bayou Trail in Sam Houston National Forest. Cleveland, Texas, October 27, 201912021 Fm 2025 Rd, Cleveland, TX 77328, USA
Side view of russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) on Winters Bayou Trail in Sam Houston National Forest. Cleveland, Texas, October 27, 201912021 Fm 2025 Rd, Cleveland, TX 77328, USA
Russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) under pines on Winters Bayou Trail in Sam Houston National Forest. Cleveland, Texas, October 27, 201912021 Fm 2025 Rd, Cleveland, TX 77328, USA
Russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus)(?) in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, November 2, 2019Big Creek Trail, Shepherd, TX 77371, USA
Gymnopus dryophilus (Collybia dryophila)(?) mushrooms on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, March 22, 2020Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Gymnopus dryophilus (Collybia dryophila)(?) mushrooms among pine needles and oak leaves on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, March 22, 2020Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, March 23, 2020Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Side view of russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, March 23, 2020Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) under pines on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 10, 2021Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Underside of russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 10, 2021Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Gills of russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 10, 2021Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Underside of russet toughshank mushroom (Gymnopus dryophilus(?)) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 1, 2023Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery County, Texas, 77873, United States
Russet toughshank mushroom (Gymnopus dryophilus(?)) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 1, 2023Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery County, Texas, 77873, United States
Gills of russet toughshank mushroom (Gymnopus dryophilus(?)) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 1, 2023Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery County, Texas, 77873, United States
Spores of a mushroom (Gymnopus dryophilus(?)) collected on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 1, 2023
Russet toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) near Pole Creek on North Wilderness Trail of Little Lake Creek Wilderness in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 14, 2023Lone Star Hiking Trail, Montgomery County, Texas, United StatesRusset toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus dryophilus) were observed in various locations throughout East and Central Texas, primarily in the Sam Houston National Forest. They were found growing under pines, among pine needles and oak leaves, on trails such as Winters Bayou Trail, Lone Star Hiking Trail, Caney Creek Trail, and North Wilderness Trail. The mushrooms typically had a russet-colored cap and were seen fruiting from October to April, with multiple observations in March and April. The gills of the mushrooms were also observed, and spores were collected for further examination. The mushrooms were often found in clusters or singly, and their size and shape varied slightly between observations. Overall, the fungus appears to be common in the region, particularly in areas with pine and oak trees.
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