Synonyms: Lactarius hygrophoroides, Lactarius rugatus, Lactarius volemus.
Lactifluus rugatus is a species of mushroom characterized by its wrinkled to wavy cap, often with a depressed center, and white to pale yellowish gills. It typically grows in association with oak trees. In East and Central Texas, Lactifluus rugatus has been found in late summer to early fall, particularly in areas with rich soil and abundant oak tree cover, such as the Post Oak Savannah and Blackland Prairie regions. The fungus produces a white to creamy latex that stains yellowish to brownish upon exposure to air. Fruitbodies are generally small to medium-sized, with caps ranging from 2-6 cm in diameter.
Milkcap mushrooms Lactifluus rugatus (Lactarius hygrophoroides var. rugatus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest, near Huntsville. Texas, May 26, 2018
Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Dissected milkcap mushrooms Lactifluus rugatus (Lactarius hygrophoroides var. rugatus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest, near Huntsville. Texas, May 26, 2018Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Mature milkcap mushrooms with wrinkled caps Lactifluus rugatus (Lactarius hygrophoroides var. rugatus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest, near Huntsville. Texas, July 13, 2018Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Cap of a milkcap mushroom Lactifluus rugatus (Lactarius hygrophoroides var. rugatus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest, near Huntsville. Texas, July 15, 2018Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Gills of a milkcap mushroom Lactifluus rugatus (Lactarius hygrophoroides var. rugatus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest, near Huntsville. Texas, July 15, 2018Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Milkcap mushroom Lactifluus rugatus (Lactarius hygrophoroides var. rugatus) on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest, near Huntsville. Texas, July 15, 2018Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery, TX 77356, USA
Milkcap mushrooms Lactifluus rugatus (Lactarius hygrophoroides var. rugatus) in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, October 28, 2018Lone Star Hiking Trail, Coldspring, TX 77331, USA
Spores of a milkcap mushroom Lactifluus rugatus (spore print light brown) collected in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, May 27, 2022
Young milkcap mushrooms Lactifluus rugatus on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, May 29, 2022Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery County, Texas, 77873, United States
Underside of young milkcap mushrooms Lactifluus rugatus on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, May 29, 2022Little Lake Creek Loop Trail, Montgomery County, Texas, 77873, United StatesObservations of Lactifluus rugatus in East and Central Texas reveal a widespread presence in the region. The fungus was found in various locations, including Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville and College Station. It typically grows on trails, such as Caney Creek Trail and Little Lake Creek Loop Trail. The mushrooms were observed at different stages of maturity, with wrinkled caps forming on mature specimens. Dissection revealed characteristic gills, and spore prints were light brown. The fungus was seen in spring, summer, and fall, with young mushrooms emerging in late May. Similar observations were made in Big Creek Scenic Area and Lick Creek Park, suggesting a wide distribution of Lactifluus rugatus in East and Central Texas.
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