Synonyms: Fusoma tetracoilum, Heteroconium tetracoilum, Septocylindrium pallidum, Septonema pallidum, Septonema tetracoilum.
Lylea tetracoila is a species of fungus in the Ascomycota phylum. It is characterized by its small, globose to subglobose ascomata and filiform ascospores. In East and Central Texas, Lylea tetracoila has been found on decaying wood and plant material, often associated with riparian zones and floodplains. The fungus typically fruits in the spring and summer months, producing sparse to abundant ascomata that are 0.1-0.5 mm in diameter. Collections from this region have been reported from various counties, including Brazos, Burleson, and Williamson.
Spores (in KOH, low magnification) of endophyte fungus Lylea tetracoila (Heteroconium tetracoilum)(?) from a tiny black dot on wood near orange crust of Hypoxylon rubiginosum, collected a day before in Sam Houston National Forest near Richards. Texas, April 3, 2023
Spores (in KOH), together with some larger spore of endophyte fungus Lylea tetracoila (Heteroconium tetracoilum)(?) from a tiny black dot on wood near crust of Hypoxylon rubiginosum, collected a day before in Sam Houston National Forest near Richards. Texas, April 3, 2023
Spores (in KOH) and some black hair (under a microscope) of endophyte fungus Lylea tetracoila (Heteroconium tetracoilum)(?) from a tiny black dot on wood near crust of Hypoxylon rubiginosum, collected a day before in Sam Houston National Forest near Richards. Texas, April 3, 2023
Bi-septate spores of endophyte fungus Lylea tetracoila (Heteroconium tetracoilum)(?) from a tiny black dot on wood near crust of Hypoxylon rubiginosum, collected a day before in Sam Houston National Forest near Richards. Texas, April 3, 2023Observations of Lylea tetracoila in East and Central Texas reveal distinct characteristics under microscopic examination. Spores were observed in KOH at low magnification, displaying notable features such as bi-septate structures. In some samples, larger spores were also present alongside the typical spores of the fungus. Additionally, black hair-like structures were visible under the microscope in certain specimens. All observations were made from tiny black dots on wood found near the crust of Hypoxylon rubiginosum in Sam Houston National Forest near Richards, Texas, specifically on April 3, 2023. The consistent presence of these features across multiple samples suggests a robust identification of Lylea tetracoila in this region. The association with Hypoxylon rubiginosum and the specific habitat of wood in the forest also provide context for the ecological role of Lylea tetracoila.
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