Synonyms: Agaricus campanulatus, Agaricus equinus, Agaricus papilionaceus, Agaricus retirugus, Agaricus sphinctrinus, Campanularius campanulatus, Chalymmota campanulata, Chalymmota papilionacea, Chalymmota sphinctrina, Copelandia papilionacea, Coprinarius campanulatus, Coprinarius papilionaceus, Coprinus papilionaceus, Galerula campanulata, Panaeolus campanulatus, Panaeolus retirugis, Panaeolus retirugus, Panaeolus sphinctrinus, Psilocybe campanulata.
Common name: petticoat mottlegill.
Extract from Wikipedia article: Panaeolus papilionaceus, also known as Agaricus calosus, Panaeolus campanulatus, Panaeolus retirugis, and Panaeolus sphinctrinus, and commonly known as Petticoat mottlegill, is a very common and widely distributed little brown mushroom that feeds on dung.
Basque: Orribeltz berdexka, Estonian: Kelluk-sõnnikuseen, German: Behangener Düngerling, Hungarian: Csipkés trágyagomba, Japanese: ワライタケ, Lithuanian: Blyškusis mėšlinukas, Polish: Kołpaczek mierzwiowy, Swedish: Gråbroking.
Panaeolus papilionaceus is a small to medium-sized fungus with a bell-shaped to conical cap that ranges from 1-4 cm in diameter, typically brown to tan in color with a wavy or irregular margin. The gills are crowded and attached to the stem, which is slender and often curved. It grows in fields, meadows, and along roadsides, often in association with grasses. In East and Central Texas, Panaeolus papilionaceus has been found fruiting from spring to fall, typically in areas with rich soil and ample moisture, such as the Blackland Prairies and the Post Oak Savannah ecoregions.
Mushrooms Panaeolus papilionaceus on mulched lawn in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, March 12, 2018
Iron Bridge Trail, College Station, TX 77845, USA
Petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) on dung two meters from a road on north shore of Lake Somerville near Birch Creek Unit of Somerville Lake State Park. Texas, May 6, 2018Lake Somerville Trailway, Somerville, TX 77879, USA
Petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) on dung on north shore of Lake Somerville near Birch Creek Unit of Somerville Lake State Park. Texas, May 6, 2018Lake Somerville Trailway, Somerville, TX 77879, USA
Petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) taken from dung on north shore of Lake Somerville near Birch Creek Unit of Somerville Lake State Park. Texas, May 6, 2018Lake Somerville Trailway, Somerville, TX 77879, USA
Close up of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) on north shore of Lake Somerville near Birch Creek Unit of Somerville Lake State Park. Texas, May 6, 2018Lake Somerville Trailway, Somerville, TX 77879, USA
Upper view of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) on old deer(?) dung mixed with soil on a sewage pipeline right of way in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023Racoon Run Trail, Brazos County, Texas, United States
Petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) on old deer(?) dung mixed with soil on a sewage pipeline right of way in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023Racoon Run Trail, Brazos County, Texas, United States
Side view of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) from old deer(?) dung in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023Racoon Run Trail, Brazos County, Texas, United States
Close-up of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) from old deer(?) dung in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023Racoon Run Trail, Brazos County, Texas, United States
Spores and basidia at low magnification (x40 objective) of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) from dung, collected in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023
Spores and basidia (with x100 objective) of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) from dung, collected in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023
Spores (in KOH) at low magnification (x40 objective) of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) from dung (spore print black), collected in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023
Spores (in KOH) (with x100 objective) of petticoat mottlegill mushrooms (Panaeolus papilionaceus) from dung, collected in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, November 27, 2023Observations of Panaeolus papilionaceus in East and Central Texas reveal that the fungus grows on various substrates, including mulched lawns and animal dung. In Lick Creek Park, College Station, it was found on a mulched lawn in March 2018 and on old deer dung mixed with soil in November 2023. Similarly, at Lake Somerville near Birch Creek Unit of Somerville Lake State Park, the fungus was observed growing on dung in May 2018. The mushrooms were also found to produce black spore prints, and microscopic examination revealed characteristic spores and basidia. The fungus appears to thrive in a variety of environments, from lawns to areas with animal waste, and can be found throughout the year in East and Central Texas. Its growth habits and characteristics were consistently observed across different locations and times.
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